/*
 * provider.js: Abstraction providing an interface into pluggable configuration storage.
 *
 * (C) 2011, Charlie Robbins and the Contributors.
 *
 */

var async = require('async'),
    common = require('./common');

//
// ### function Provider (options)
// #### @options {Object} Options for this instance.
// Constructor function for the Provider object responsible
// for exposing the pluggable storage features of `nconf`.
//
var Provider = exports.Provider = function (options) {
  //
  // Setup default options for working with `stores`,
  // `overrides`, `process.env` and `process.argv`.
  //
  options       = options || {};
  this.stores  = {};
  this.sources = [];
  this.init(options);
};

//
// Define wrapper functions for using basic stores
// in this instance
//

['argv', 'env'].forEach(function (type) {
  Provider.prototype[type] = function () {
    var args = [type].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments));
    return this.add.apply(this, args);
  };
});

//
// ### function file (key, options)
// #### @key {string|Object} Fully qualified options, name of file store, or path.
// #### @path {string|Object} **Optional** Full qualified options, or path.
// Adds a new `File` store to this instance. Accepts the following options
//
//    nconf.file({ file: '.jitsuconf', dir: process.env.HOME, search: true });
//    nconf.file('path/to/config/file');
//    nconf.file('userconfig', 'path/to/config/file');
//    nconf.file('userconfig', { file: '.jitsuconf', search: true });
//
Provider.prototype.file = function (key, options) {
  if (arguments.length == 1) {
    options = typeof key === 'string' ? { file: key } : key;
    key = 'file';
  }
  else {
    options = typeof options === 'string'
      ? { file: options }
      : options;
  }

  options.type = 'file';
  return this.add(key, options);
};

//
// Define wrapper functions for using
// overrides and defaults
//
['defaults', 'overrides'].forEach(function (type) {
  Provider.prototype[type] = function (options) {
    options = options || {};
    if (!options.type) {
      options.type = 'literal';
    }

    return this.add(type, options);
  };
});

//
// ### function use (name, options)
// #### @type {string} Type of the nconf store to use.
// #### @options {Object} Options for the store instance.
// Adds (or replaces) a new store with the specified `name`
// and `options`. If `options.type` is not set, then `name`
// will be used instead:
//
//    provider.use('file');
//    provider.use('file', { type: 'file', filename: '/path/to/userconf' })
//
Provider.prototype.use = function (name, options) {
  options  = options      || {};

  function sameOptions (store) {
    return Object.keys(options).every(function (key) {
      return options[key] === store[key];
    });
  }

  var store = this.stores[name],
      update = store && !sameOptions(store);

  if (!store || update) {
    if (update) {
      this.remove(name);
    }

    this.add(name, options);
  }

  return this;
};

//
// ### function add (name, options)
// #### @name {string} Name of the store to add to this instance
// #### @options {Object} Options for the store to create
// Adds a new store with the specified `name` and `options`. If `options.type`
// is not set, then `name` will be used instead:
//
//    provider.add('memory');
//    provider.add('userconf', { type: 'file', filename: '/path/to/userconf' })
//
Provider.prototype.add = function (name, options, usage) {
  options  = options      || {};
  var type = options.type || name;

  if (!require('../nconf')[common.capitalize(type)]) {
    throw new Error('Cannot add store with unknown type: ' + type);
  }

  this.stores[name] = this.create(type, options, usage);

  if (this.stores[name].loadSync) {
    this.stores[name].loadSync();
  }

  return this;
};

//
// ### function remove (name)
// #### @name {string} Name of the store to remove from this instance
// Removes a store with the specified `name` from this instance. Users
// are allowed to pass in a type argument (e.g. `memory`) as name if
// this was used in the call to `.add()`.
//
Provider.prototype.remove = function (name) {
  delete this.stores[name];
  return this;
};

//
// ### function create (type, options)
// #### @type {string} Type of the nconf store to use.
// #### @options {Object} Options for the store instance.
// Creates a store of the specified `type` using the
// specified `options`.
//
Provider.prototype.create = function (type, options, usage) {
  return new (require('../nconf')[common.capitalize(type.toLowerCase())])(options, usage);
};

//
// ### function init (options)
// #### @options {Object} Options to initialize this instance with.
// Initializes this instance with additional `stores` or `sources` in the
// `options` supplied.
//
Provider.prototype.init = function (options) {
  var self = this;

  //
  // Add any stores passed in through the options
  // to this instance.
  //
  if (options.type) {
    this.add(options.type, options);
  }
  else if (options.store) {
    this.add(options.store.name || options.store.type, options.store);
  }
  else if (options.stores) {
    Object.keys(options.stores).forEach(function (name) {
      var store = options.stores[name];
      self.add(store.name || name || store.type, store);
    });
  }

  //
  // Add any read-only sources to this instance
  //
  if (options.source) {
    this.sources.push(this.create(options.source.type || options.source.name, options.source));
  }
  else if (options.sources) {
    Object.keys(options.sources).forEach(function (name) {
      var source = options.sources[name];
      self.sources.push(self.create(source.type || source.name || name, source));
    });
  }
};

//
// ### function get (key, callback)
// #### @key {string} Key to retrieve for this instance.
// #### @callback {function} **Optional** Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Retrieves the value for the specified key (if any).
//
Provider.prototype.get = function (key, callback) {
  if (typeof key === 'function') {
    // Allow a * key call to be made
    callback = key;
    key = null;
  }

  //
  // If there is no callback we can short-circuit into the default
  // logic for traversing stores.
  //
  if (!callback) {
    return this._execute('get', 1, key, callback);
  }

  //
  // Otherwise the asynchronous, hierarchical `get` is
  // slightly more complicated because we do not need to traverse
  // the entire set of stores, but up until there is a defined value.
  //
  var current = 0,
      names = Object.keys(this.stores),
      self = this,
      response,
      mergeObjs = [];

  async.whilst(function (cb) {
    cb(null, typeof response === 'undefined' && current < names.length);
  }, function (next) {
    var store = self.stores[names[current]];
    current++;

    if (store.get.length >= 2) {
      return store.get(key, function (err, value) {
        if (err) {
          return next(err);
        }

        response = value;

        // Merge objects if necessary
        if (response && typeof response === 'object' && !Array.isArray(response)) {
          mergeObjs.push(response);
          response = undefined;
        }

        next();
      });
    }

    response = store.get(key);

    // Merge objects if necessary
    if (response && typeof response === 'object' && !Array.isArray(response)) {
      mergeObjs.push(response);
      response = undefined;
    }

    next();
  }, function (err) {
    if (!err && mergeObjs.length) {
      response = common.merge(mergeObjs.reverse());
    }
    return err ? callback(err) : callback(null, response);
  });
};


//
// ### function any (keys, callback)
// #### @keys {array|string...} Array of keys to query, or a variable list of strings
// #### @callback {function} **Optional** Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Retrieves the first truthy value (if any) for the specified list of keys.
//
Provider.prototype.any = function (keys, callback) {

  if (!Array.isArray(keys)) {
    keys = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
    if (keys.length > 0 && typeof keys[keys.length - 1] === 'function') {
      callback = keys.pop();
    } else {
      callback = null;
    }
  }

  //
  // If there is no callback, use the short-circuited "get"
  // on each key in turn.
  //
  if (!callback) {
    var val;
    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; ++i) {
      val = this._execute('get', 1, keys[i], callback);
      if (val) {
        return val;
      }
    }
    return null;
  }

  var keyIndex = 0,
      result,
      self = this;
  
  async.whilst(function(cb) {
    cb(null, !result && keyIndex < keys.length);
  }, function(next) {
    var key = keys[keyIndex];
    keyIndex++;

    self.get(key, function(err, v) {
      if (err) {
        next(err);
      } else {
        result = v;
        next();
      }
    });
  }, function(err) {
    return err ? callback(err) : callback(null, result);
  });
};


//
// ### function set (key, value, callback)
// #### @key {string} Key to set in this instance
// #### @value {literal|Object} Value for the specified key
// #### @callback {function} **Optional** Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Sets the `value` for the specified `key` in this instance.
//
Provider.prototype.set = function (key, value, callback) {
  return this._execute('set', 2, key, value, callback);
};


//
// ### function required (keys)
// #### @keys {array} List of keys
// Throws an error if any of `keys` has no value, otherwise returns `true`
Provider.prototype.required = function (keys) {
  if (!Array.isArray(keys)) {
    throw new Error('Incorrect parameter, array expected');
  }

  var missing = [];
  keys.forEach(function(key) {
    if (typeof this.get(key) === 'undefined') {
      missing.push(key);
    }
  }, this);

  if (missing.length) {
    throw new Error('Missing required keys: ' + missing.join(', '));
  } else {
    return true;
  }

};

//
// ### function reset (callback)
// #### @callback {function} **Optional** Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Clears all keys associated with this instance.
//
Provider.prototype.reset = function (callback) {
  return this._execute('reset', 0, callback);
};

//
// ### function clear (key, callback)
// #### @key {string} Key to remove from this instance
// #### @callback {function} **Optional** Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Removes the value for the specified `key` from this instance.
//
Provider.prototype.clear = function (key, callback) {
  return this._execute('clear', 1, key, callback);
};

//
// ### function merge ([key,] value [, callback])
// #### @key {string} Key to merge the value into
// #### @value {literal|Object} Value to merge into the key
// #### @callback {function} **Optional** Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Merges the properties in `value` into the existing object value at `key`.
//
// 1. If the existing value `key` is not an Object, it will be completely overwritten.
// 2. If `key` is not supplied, then the `value` will be merged into the root.
//
Provider.prototype.merge = function () {
  var self = this,
      args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),
      callback = typeof args[args.length - 1] === 'function' && args.pop(),
      value = args.pop(),
      key = args.pop();

  function mergeProperty (prop, next) {
    return self._execute('merge', 2, prop, value[prop], next);
  }

  if (!key) {
    if (Array.isArray(value) || typeof value !== 'object') {
      return onError(new Error('Cannot merge non-Object into top-level.'), callback);
    }

    return async.forEach(Object.keys(value), mergeProperty, callback || function () { })
  }

  return this._execute('merge', 2, key, value, callback);
};

//
// ### function load (callback)
// #### @callback {function} Continuation to respond to when complete.
// Responds with an Object representing all keys associated in this instance.
//
Provider.prototype.load = function (callback) {
  var self = this;

  function getStores () {
    var stores = Object.keys(self.stores);
    stores.reverse();
    return stores.map(function (name) {
      return self.stores[name];
    });
  }

  function loadStoreSync(store) {
    if (!store.loadSync) {
      throw new Error('nconf store ' + store.type + ' has no loadSync() method');
    }

    return store.loadSync();
  }

  function loadStore(store, next) {
    if (!store.load && !store.loadSync) {
      return next(new Error('nconf store ' + store.type + ' has no load() method'));
    }

    return store.loadSync
      ? next(null, store.loadSync())
      : store.load(next);
  }

  function loadBatch (targets, done) {
    if (!done) {
      return common.merge(targets.map(loadStoreSync));
    }

    async.map(targets, loadStore, function (err, objs) {
      return err ? done(err) : done(null, common.merge(objs));
    });
  }

  function mergeSources (data) {
    //
    // If `data` was returned then merge it into
    // the system store.
    //
    if (data && typeof data === 'object') {
      self.use('sources', {
        type: 'literal',
        store: data
      });
    }
  }

  function loadSources () {
    var sourceHierarchy = self.sources.splice(0);
    sourceHierarchy.reverse();

    //
    // If we don't have a callback and the current
    // store is capable of loading synchronously
    // then do so.
    //
    if (!callback) {
      mergeSources(loadBatch(sourceHierarchy));
      return loadBatch(getStores());
    }

    loadBatch(sourceHierarchy, function (err, data) {
      if (err) {
        return callback(err);
      }

      mergeSources(data);
      return loadBatch(getStores(), callback);
    });
  }

  return self.sources.length
    ? loadSources()
    : loadBatch(getStores(), callback);
};

//
// ### function save (callback)
// #### @callback {function} **optional**  Continuation to respond to when
// complete.
// Instructs each provider to save.  If a callback is provided, we will attempt
// asynchronous saves on the providers, falling back to synchronous saves if
// this isn't possible.  If a provider does not know how to save, it will be
// ignored.  Returns an object consisting of all of the data which was
// actually saved.
//
Provider.prototype.save = function (value, callback) {
  if (!callback && typeof value === 'function') {
    callback = value;
    value = null;
  }

  var self = this,
      names = Object.keys(this.stores);

  function saveStoreSync(memo, name) {
    var store = self.stores[name];

    //
    // If the `store` doesn't have a `saveSync` method,
    // just ignore it and continue.
    //
    if (store.saveSync) {
      var ret = store.saveSync();
      if (typeof ret == 'object' && ret !== null) {
        memo.push(ret);
      }
    }
    return memo;
  }

  function saveStore(memo, name, next) {
    var store = self.stores[name];

    //
    // If the `store` doesn't have a `save` or saveSync`
    // method(s), just ignore it and continue.
    //

    if (store.save) {
      return store.save(value, function (err, data) {
        if (err) {
          return next(err);
        }

        if (typeof data == 'object' && data !== null) {
          memo.push(data);
        }

        next(null, memo);
      });
    }
    else if (store.saveSync) {
      memo.push(store.saveSync());
    }

    next(null, memo);
  }

  //
  // If we don't have a callback and the current
  // store is capable of saving synchronously
  // then do so.
  //
  if (!callback) {
    return common.merge(names.reduce(saveStoreSync, []));
  }

  async.reduce(names, [], saveStore, function (err, objs) {
    return err ? callback(err) : callback(null, common.merge(objs));
  });
};

//
// ### @private function _execute (action, syncLength, [arguments])
// #### @action {string} Action to execute on `this.store`.
// #### @syncLength {number} Function length of the sync version.
// #### @arguments {Array} Arguments array to apply to the action
// Executes the specified `action` on all stores for this instance, ensuring a callback supplied
// to a synchronous store function is still invoked.
//
Provider.prototype._execute = function (action, syncLength /* [arguments] */) {
  var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2),
      callback = typeof args[args.length - 1] === 'function' && args.pop(),
      destructive = ['set', 'clear', 'merge', 'reset'].indexOf(action) !== -1,
      self = this,
      response,
      mergeObjs = [],
      keys = Object.keys(this.stores);


  function runAction (name, next) {
    var store = self.stores[name];

    if (destructive && store.readOnly) {
      return next();
    }

    return store[action].length > syncLength
      ? store[action].apply(store, args.concat(next))
      : next(null, store[action].apply(store, args));
  }

  if (callback) {
    return async.forEach(keys, runAction, function (err) {
      return err ? callback(err) : callback();
    });
  }

  keys.forEach(function (name) {
    if (typeof response === 'undefined') {
      var store = self.stores[name];

      if (destructive && store.readOnly) {
        return;
      }

      response = store[action].apply(store, args);

      // Merge objects if necessary
      if (response && action === 'get' && typeof response === 'object' && !Array.isArray(response)) {
        mergeObjs.push(response);
        response = undefined;
      }
    }
  });

  if (mergeObjs.length) {
    response = common.merge(mergeObjs.reverse());
  }

  return response;
}

//
// Throw the `err` if a callback is not supplied
//
function onError(err, callback) {
  if (callback) {
    return callback(err);
  }

  throw err;
}
